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1.
Col. med. estado Táchira ; 16(4): 37-38, oct.-dic. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-530761

ABSTRACT

EL meningocele manque es una patología infrecuente que se caracteriza por una protrusión de meninges y liquido cefalorraquídeo, con una banda anclante de raíces nerviosas libres funcionantes o de la medula misma sin placoda neural. Se presenta este caso de un recién nacido masculino con diagnóstico de meningocele manqué, que fue operado en el Hospital Central “Dr. José María Vargas” San Cristóbal (HCJMV), evolucionando satisfactoriamente. Esta entidad es infrecuente, sin predilección de sexo y se reporta en menos del 4 por ciento con una tasa de 1 x 100000 nacidos vivos; en pacientes con localización dorsolumbar, el conocer esta entidad permitiría al neurocirujano, identificar claramente estos casos durante su práctica profesional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Cerebrospinal Fluid , Back/surgery , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Meninges/anatomy & histology , Meningocele/surgery , Meningocele/diagnosis , Lumbosacral Region/surgery , Lumbosacral Region/pathology , Neurosurgery , Pediatrics , Socioeconomic Factors
2.
Bol. Hosp. Niños J. M. de los Ríos ; 41(1): 49-54, ene.-abr. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-431650

ABSTRACT

Doscientos cincuenta y un casos de tumores cerebrales verificados anatomopatológicamente, durante los años 1985-1995, mostraron la presencia de 15 craneofaringiomas, cuyo estudio integral, clínico, imagenológico, endocrinológico, terapéuticos quirúrgicos y tratamientos radiantes se revisan


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Brain Neoplasms , Craniopharyngioma , Medical Oncology , Pediatrics , Venezuela
3.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 97(suppl.1): 167-169, Oct. 2002.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-325014

ABSTRACT

After 57 years of successful control of schistosomiasis in Venezuela, the prevalence and intensity of infection have declined. Approximately 80 percent of the individuals eliminate less than 100 eggs/g of stools, therefore morbidity is mild and the majority are asymptomatic. The sensitivity of Kato-Katz decreases to approximately 60 percent. Available serological methods for the detection of circulating antigens only reach a 70 percent of sensitivity. Tests based on the detection of antibodies by immunoenzymatic assays have been improved. The circumoval precipitine test has shown a high sensitivity (97 percent), specificity (100 percent), and correlation with oviposition, being considered the best confirmatory diagnostic test. Additionally to the classical immunoenzymatic assays, the development of the alkaline phosphatase immunoassay, allowed to reach a 100 percent specificity with an 89 percent sensitivity. Recently, we have developed a modified ELISA in which the soluble egg antigen is treated with sodium metaperiodate (SMP-ELISA) in order to eliminate the glycosilated epitopes responsible for the false positive reactions. The specificity and sensitivity reaches 97 percent and 99 percent, respectively. Synthetic peptides from the excretory-secretory enzymes, cathepsin B (Sm31) legumain (Sm32) and cathepsin D (Sm45), have been synthesized. The combination of two peptides derived from the Sm31 have been evaluated, reaching a sensitivity of 96 percent when analyzed independently and with a 100 percent specificity. Antibodies raised in rabbits against peptides derived from the Sm31 and Sm32 are currently evaluated in two different antigen-capture-based assays. The development of a simple, cheap and reliable test that correlates with parasite activity is a major goal


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Antigens, Helminth , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Schistosomiasis , False Positive Reactions , Feces , Schistosoma mansoni , Sensitivity and Specificity , Serologic Tests , Venezuela
4.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 97(suppl.1): 5-10, Oct. 2002. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-325023

ABSTRACT

Severe schistosomiasis is a rare event in Venezuela nowadays, after a successful national campaign by the Schistosomiasis Control Program. Unfortunately, this program has practically disappeared, and snail surveillance in field is not a priority, anymore. Thus, schistosomiasis has become a neglected disease in this country. However, surveys in different populations from the endemic area have shown particular epidemiological features described herein. In five communities we evaluated 2,175 persons and searched for the presence of Biomphalaria glabrata snails. Some markers were used for classifying schistosomiasis foci: mean age of the persons with Schistosoma mansoni eggs in the stools, serological tests, presence of B. glabrata snails, and intensity of infection. Places without B. glabrata snails and with few schistosomiasis cases were defined as "past transmission sites"; a site with abundant snails but few cases was defined as "potential risk"; "new transmission" foci were characterized by the presence of infected snails and young people passing eggs in the stools. A "re-emergent" focus has shared these last features, showing in addition a place where schistosomiasis had been reported before. Recent evidences of active transmission with the increasing dispersion of B. glabrata snails, point out the necessity for the re-establishment of the Schistosomiasis Control Program in Venezuela


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Schistosomiasis mansoni , Biomphalaria , Disease Vectors , Endemic Diseases , Feces , Parasite Egg Count , Prevalence , Schistosoma mansoni , Schistosomiasis mansoni , Snails , Venezuela
5.
Arch. venez. farmacol. ter ; 20(2): 163-171, abr. 2001. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-401983

ABSTRACT

Las condiciones geográficas, ambientales, culturales y económicas facilitan en algunas áreas las infecciones simultaneas por varios agentes. Parásitos de un mismo género o de diferentes familias o phyla, entre parásitos y sus hospederos, comparten moléculas capaces de despertar respuestas inmunes comunes. Este fenómeno permitiría la reactividad cruzada entre parásitos, que tendría como ventaja la eficacia de un producto de amplio espectro (vacuna o medicamento) al poder atacar varios agentes parasitarios en una población poliparasitada. Por el contrario, como desventaja se destaca la inespecificidad del inmunodiagnóstico reflejada como falsos positivos por reactividad cruzada, detectándose anticuerpos o antígenos compartidos que no pertenecen propiamente al agente sospechado. Adicionalmente, la respuesta inmune a un agente patógeno puede dirigirse contra tejidos del propio huésped, desencadenando fenómenos de autoinmunidad. En esquistosomiasis se han desarrollado técnicas de inmunoensayo de mejor especificidad que las tradicionales. Sin embargo, siendo Venezuela un país en el cual coexisten áreas endémicas donde se solapan infecciones parasitarias tales como esquitosomiasis, nematodes intestinales y cisticercosis, se presentan inconvenientes de sobreestimación de prevalencias ocasionando limitaciones en el tratamiento masivo con praziquantel y confusión en la definición de verdaderos casos de esquistosomiasis o cisticercosis. Investigaciones tendientes a mejorar el inmunodiagnóstico disminuyendo los falsos positivos, mediante ensayos de captura de anticuerpos y antígenos para ambos parasitosis, se desarrollan en la actualidad


Subject(s)
Cross Reactions , Parasites , Immunologic Tests , Venezuela
6.
Centro méd ; 45(2): 109-114, nov. 2000. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-353897

ABSTRACT

Se reportaron los resultados de la encéfalo-arterio-sinangiosis en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la isquemia cerebral en el Hospital de Niños "J.M de Los Ríos". Caracas. Es liberada una arteria del cuero cabelludo (arteria temporal superficial) y puesta en contacto con la corteza cerebral, después de una craneotomía y apertura de la duramadre. Cuatro cirugías fueron realizadas en un período de dos años. Se analizaron los resultados, ventajas e indicaciones de este tipo de cirugía


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Brain Ischemia , Cerebrum , Craniotomy , Diagnostic Techniques, Surgical , Neurology
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